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OS Fundamentals: Processes & Memory

Cover processes, virtual memory, and OS basics. Ideal for students and interview prep.

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OS Fundamentals: Processes & Memory
QUESTION NO 01
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The main job of an operating system is to?

Answer: Manage hardware and software resources
An OS manages CPU, memory, devices, and provides services to programs.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
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QUESTION NO 02
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A process in the ready state is waiting for?

Answer: CPU time
Ready processes are runnable and waiting to be scheduled on the CPU.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
302 Quizzes
2930 Questions
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QUESTION NO 03
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Virtual memory allows programs to?

Answer: Use more address space than physical RAM
Virtual memory maps a large address space onto RAM and disk (swap).
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
302 Quizzes
2930 Questions
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QUESTION NO 04
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A deadlock requires which condition?

Answer: Circular wait (among others)
Coffman conditions include mutual exclusion, hold-and-wait, no preemption, and circular wait.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
302 Quizzes
2930 Questions
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QUESTION NO 05
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Context switching means?

Answer: Saving/restoring CPU state when changing processes
The OS saves one process's registers and loads another's during a switch.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
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2930 Questions
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QUESTION NO 06
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A thread is often described as a?

Answer: Lightweight process
Threads share process address space and are cheaper to create/switch than full processes.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
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QUESTION NO 07
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Paging divides memory into?

Answer: Fixed-size pages/frames
Paging maps fixed-size virtual pages to physical frames.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
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QUESTION NO 08
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Which scheduler decides which ready process runs next?

Answer: CPU / short-term scheduler
The short-term (CPU) scheduler picks the next process from the ready queue.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
302 Quizzes
2930 Questions
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QUESTION NO 09
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A semaphore is used for?

Answer: Process synchronization
Semaphores coordinate access to shared resources and signaling between processes.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
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2930 Questions
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QUESTION NO 10
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Thrashing in OS terms means?

Answer: Excessive paging with little useful work
Thrashing occurs when the system spends most time swapping pages, not executing.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
302 Quizzes
2930 Questions
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Shahzad Mahota

@shahzad-mahota

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