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Heat & Temperature Basics

Warm up with temperature scales, heat units, and thermal concepts. Ideal for students preparing board exams and competitive tests.

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Heat & Temperature Basics
QUESTION NO 01
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Absolute zero temperature is?

Answer: 0 K
Absolute zero is 0 K (−273.15 °C), the lowest thermodynamic temperature.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
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QUESTION NO 02
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SI unit of heat is?

Answer: Joule
Heat is energy; the SI unit is the joule (J).
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
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QUESTION NO 03
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First law of thermodynamics is essentially conservation of?

Answer: Energy
ΔU = Q − W expresses energy conservation for a thermodynamic system.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
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QUESTION NO 04
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In an isothermal process for an ideal gas,

Answer: Temperature remains constant
Isothermal means constant temperature; for ideal gas ΔU = 0.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
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QUESTION NO 05
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In an adiabatic process,

Answer: No heat is exchanged
Adiabatic: Q = 0; the system does not exchange heat with surroundings.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
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QUESTION NO 06
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Specific heat capacity is heat required to raise temperature of?

Answer: Unit mass by 1 degree
c = Q/(mΔT); heat per unit mass per degree.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
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QUESTION NO 07
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Latent heat is associated with?

Answer: Change of phase at constant temperature
Latent heat is energy absorbed/released during phase change at constant T.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
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QUESTION NO 08
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Ideal gas law is?

Answer: PV = nRT
The equation of state for an ideal gas is PV = nRT.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
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QUESTION NO 09
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Entropy of an isolated system in a spontaneous process?

Answer: Increases or stays the same
Second law: entropy of an isolated system never decreases.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
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QUESTION NO 10
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Heat engine efficiency cannot be 100% because of?

Answer: Second law of thermodynamics
The second law forbids a perfect heat engine that converts all heat to work with no other effect.
Shahzad Mahota
Shahzad Mahota @shahzad-mahota
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Shahzad Mahota

@shahzad-mahota

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