Physical Chemistry

Stoichiometry, equilibrium, kinetics, thermodynamics, and solutions.

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Physical Chemistry

QUESTION NO 01
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Entropy of an isolated system in a spontaneous process?

Answer: Increases or stays the same
Second law: entropy of an isolated system does not decrease.
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QUESTION NO 02
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Buffer solutions resist changes in?

Answer: pH
Buffers contain a weak acid/base conjugate pair that stabilizes pH.
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QUESTION NO 03
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pH of a neutral aqueous solution at 25 °C is?

Answer: 7
At 25 °C, [H⁺] = 1 × 10⁻⁷ M gives pH 7.
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QUESTION NO 04
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A catalyst increases rate by?

Answer: Lowering activation energy
Catalysts provide a lower-Ea pathway; Keq is unchanged.
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QUESTION NO 05
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Buffer solutions resist changes in?

Answer: pH
Buffers contain a weak acid/base conjugate pair that stabilizes pH.
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QUESTION NO 06
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Osmotic pressure of a dilute solution is given by?

Answer: π = CRT
van't Hoff: π = CRT for dilute solutions.
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QUESTION NO 07
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Entropy of an isolated system in a spontaneous process?

Answer: Increases or stays the same
Second law: entropy of an isolated system does not decrease.
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QUESTION NO 08
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Enthalpy change at constant pressure equals?

Answer: Heat exchanged (qp)
ΔH = qp for a constant-pressure process.
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QUESTION NO 09
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Hess's law is based on?

Answer: Path independence of enthalpy (state function)
ΔH depends only on initial and final states.
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QUESTION NO 10
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The ideal gas equation is?

Answer: PV = nRT
Ideal gases obey PV = nRT.
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